Australia is embarking on a transformation of its migration strategy, aiming to shift from a focus on temporary migration toward prioritizing permanent residence and citizenship. The nation’s ambition in this endeavor is crucial as it grapples with declining birth rates, emphasizing the need to import essential skills for sustained growth.
The recently released federal government’s new migration strategy reflects an awareness of both domestic and geopolitical factors influencing population growth. However, several challenges impede the enhancement of necessary capabilities. Some within the country view immigration with apprehension, seeing it as a threat rather than an opportunity for Australia to become a more active security actor in its region and develop new economic industries.
Issues such as a reluctance to build, both in terms of housing and infrastructure, further complicate accommodating population growth. Despite ample available land for housing, political reluctance to build stems from the wealth accumulated by homeowners due to increased property values. This reluctance creates a generational divide, leaving young people struggling to afford homes and contributing to housing pressures in major cities.
Australia’s infrastructure development is characterized by slowness and high costs, with a tendency to prioritize roads over rail. This not only exacerbates traffic congestion but also fails to contribute to the overall cultural and placemaking aspects within cities.
The new migration strategy addresses these challenges by seeking a balance between the need for more people and existing political and structural issues. The primary pillar of the strategy is to reduce migration numbers to what is deemed “sustainable” levels. The forecast for the forthcoming financial year aims to stabilize migration around 250,000 people annually.
To achieve this, the government is implementing measures to combat worker exploitation, raising the bar on employee sponsorship and favoring high-skilled individuals seeking permanent migration. Additionally, stringent requirements for international students and a reduction in the age limit for graduate visa applications aim to refine the system.
The overarching goal is to transition the migration system away from temporary migration, emphasizing permanent residence and citizenship. This shift is seen as a positive initiative, fostering greater investment in the country and encouraging a sense of civic engagement.
While the government’s approach signals a serious consideration of utilizing the migration program to build the country’s capabilities, a truly holistic approach would require addressing housing affordability as a social concern and overcoming infrastructure challenges. This comprehensive strategy is essential for Australian cities to thrive as they continue to grow